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Mastitis is the inflammation of the mammalian mammary gland (breast in primates, udder in other mammals). It is called puerperal mastitis when it occurs in lactating mothers and non-puerperal otherwise. Mastitis can occur in men, albeit rarely. Inflammatory breast cancer has symptoms very similar to mastitis and must be ruled out.
Mastitis occurs when bacteria enter your breast through a break or crack in the skin of your nipple or through the opening to the milk ducts in your nipple. Bacteria from your skin's surface and baby's mouth enter the milk duct and can multiply leading to pain, redness and swelling of the breast as infection progresses.
Common, and more serious, signs of mastitis include chills, a headache, a temperature of over 38.5 degrees C / 101 degrees F and exhaustion. These symptoms are usually caused not by infection but by milk entering the small blood vessels in your breast and then being treated by your body as a "foreign protein".
Sometimes, the term 'chronic mastitis' is wrongly used to describe a condition in which the breasts are of an irregular rubbery consistency and contain painful or tender nodules or cysts, which feel lumpy. These nodules change with the menstrual cycle. This is properly known as benign mammary dysplasia, or fibrocystic disease.
Mastitis is typically diagnosed by a physician based on signs such as swollen, red, and painful breasts and flu-like symptoms. If a physician is unsure whether a patient has mastitis, he or she may order a laboratory culture of the breast milk. Approximately 10% of women with mastitis develop abscesses in the infected breast area. An abscess is a benign (non-cancerous) closed pocket containing pus (a creamy, thick, pale yellow or yellow-green fluid). Abscesses are usually drained with needles. A particularly large abscess may need to be cut open to drain. Usually, the area I numbed with a local anesthesia and covered with gauze after the procedure.
Infective mastitis may develop from milk stasis or it may be caused by invading germs, although how exactly infection enters a breast isn't clear. Some women who have had mastitis have also had cracked nipples and the infection may have passed through the crack or fissure in the nipple into the lymphatic system of the breast. Other experts believe that mastitis and cracked nipples are both symptoms resulting from poor latch-on technique and so the two are likely to be linked in this way.
Problems with recurrent mastitis are usually the result of irregular breastfeeding patterns: missing feedings, giving bottles in place of breastfeedings, or skipping pumping sessions when separated from the baby. Recurrent mastitis may also mean that mother's immune system is generally run down, because of fatigue and stress. Mastitis is a sign that you need to take a closer look at your lifestyle and breastfeeding relationship and make some adjustments.
Blocked ducts tend to cause a more localised problem, resulting in an area of tender, hard lumpiness where some of the breast tissue does not empty of milk. Occasionally, especially in severe cases, there may be general flu-like symptoms.
Mild temperature elevations (previously termed milk fever) accompanied by some breast or nipple soreness is usually secondary to engorgement and dehydration immediately (24-72 hours) after delivery and is treated by improved breastfeeding technique. The body temperature should not be above 39
Mastitis is the inflammation of the mammalian mammary gland (breast in primates, udder in other mammals). It is called puerperal mastitis when it occurs in lactating mothers and non-puerperal otherwise. Mastitis can occur in men, albeit rarely. Inflammatory breast cancer has symptoms very similar to mastitis and must be ruled out.
Mastitis occurs when bacteria enter your breast through a break or crack in the skin of your nipple or through the opening to the milk ducts in your nipple. Bacteria from your skin's surface and baby's mouth enter the milk duct and can multiply leading to pain, redness and swelling of the breast as infection progresses.
Common, and more serious, signs of mastitis include chills, a headache, a temperature of over 38.5 degrees C / 101 degrees F and exhaustion. These symptoms are usually caused not by infection but by milk entering the small blood vessels in your breast and then being treated by your body as a "foreign protein".
Sometimes, the term 'chronic mastitis' is wrongly used to describe a condition in which the breasts are of an irregular rubbery consistency and contain painful or tender nodules or cysts, which feel lumpy. These nodules change with the menstrual cycle. This is properly known as benign mammary dysplasia, or fibrocystic disease.
Mastitis is typically diagnosed by a physician based on signs such as swollen, red, and painful breasts and flu-like symptoms. If a physician is unsure whether a patient has mastitis, he or she may order a laboratory culture of the breast milk. Approximately 10% of women with mastitis develop abscesses in the infected breast area. An abscess is a benign (non-cancerous) closed pocket containing pus (a creamy, thick, pale yellow or yellow-green fluid). Abscesses are usually drained with needles. A particularly large abscess may need to be cut open to drain. Usually, the area I numbed with a local anesthesia and covered with gauze after the procedure.
Infective mastitis may develop from milk stasis or it may be caused by invading germs, although how exactly infection enters a breast isn't clear. Some women who have had mastitis have also had cracked nipples and the infection may have passed through the crack or fissure in the nipple into the lymphatic system of the breast. Other experts believe that mastitis and cracked nipples are both symptoms resulting from poor latch-on technique and so the two are likely to be linked in this way.
Problems with recurrent mastitis are usually the result of irregular breastfeeding patterns: missing feedings, giving bottles in place of breastfeedings, or skipping pumping sessions when separated from the baby. Recurrent mastitis may also mean that mother's immune system is generally run down, because of fatigue and stress. Mastitis is a sign that you need to take a closer look at your lifestyle and breastfeeding relationship and make some adjustments.
Blocked ducts tend to cause a more localised problem, resulting in an area of tender, hard lumpiness where some of the breast tissue does not empty of milk. Occasionally, especially in severe cases, there may be general flu-like symptoms.
Mild temperature elevations (previously termed milk fever) accompanied by some breast or nipple soreness is usually secondary to engorgement and dehydration immediately (24-72 hours) after delivery and is treated by improved breastfeeding technique. The body temperature should not be above 39
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